Biomarkers and Clinical Research

Infectious Disease Biomarkers

Infectious disease biomarkers are critical tools in the rapid diagnosis, monitoring, and management of infectious diseases such as HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria, and COVID-19. These biomarkers, which include antigens, antibodies, genetic markers, and cytokines, provide valuable information about the presence of pathogens, immune response, and disease progression. Biomarkers like viral load in HIV/AIDS and malaria antigen detection assays facilitate early diagnosis and treatment initiation, improving patient outcomes. In tuberculosis, biomarkers such as interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) help in diagnosing latent infections and monitoring treatment responses. In the context of emerging infections like COVID-19, biomarkers like PCR tests for viral RNA and antibody assays play a crucial role in identifying infected individuals, tracking the spread of the virus, and evaluating vaccine efficacy. The integration of infectious disease biomarkers into diagnostic protocols enhances disease surveillance, supports timely interventions, and informs public health strategies, contributing to effective disease control and prevention efforts globally.